Oven



" Patented Feb. 7? `1939 Frederick J.`Br`owneli, AQueens Village, N. Y., assignors to` National Biscuit` Company, New" 1 `York, NJY., a corporation `of Jersey l `Our` invention relatesto ovens andparticulariy to band ovens wherein anJendlessrnetal-"band passes over drums;` at the `opposite ends of the oven and the articles lto be ba`ked,' `iriedor otherwise heat `treated are l fedtol` its upperrun at i one end t of the "oven, `carried through the oven i on l A ther band, and l:discharged "at the opposite `which must be thin enough Htobend around the 1productsbut heretofore has not beenlentirely `successful for bakingsponge goods and the `like "tot effect the spring` or pufiingof the dough. This is because the metal ofthe `bands isso thin that 1 insufilcient `heat is storedin it and heatcannot l "210 be transmitted `throughfit `fast enough from the that is required initially; l `"I'txeseV band" ovens are n muchwmore emcienh. cost to construct and maintain thanother typesrof ovens andhave come Cintolquiteextensive ruse `where "the" goods-are of l such nature that they can be baked on thin' metal. `Attempts havevbeen made to increase' thethickf ness ofthebands so that it will"1l`1aves`ufcient springing `off"` sponge goods, but `this makes the band: very expensiveand the drums `have`to be *so` large as toyb:impracticablexiM t l `The pr1nc1pa11-iobjecr of tnepresenmnvennqn, therefore, is to provideabandloven having means ofthe baking operation without increasing the y thickness ofthe bancLVM` Anothern object is to `provide l"a `heatfstorage` L ineansadjacent the initial end of a"`band oven 40 arranged to give upiits storedheat to the band, `either by` direct contact or by radiatinpso* that wherein thethickness of the metal,` and hence the initial `oi" "charging end of thevband."

5 thatwiu. be suggested to `there skilled in inns ,an

` are"atta`ine`d"bythe embodiments thereof illusj ,trated in the .accompanying drawing whereinz Fig,` 1 isqa section through the feeding*` or charging endofthe band fa band oven wherein -f Annilein@ Jenem- 7,1931, serial No. na'usf` *linefl-JoflFig i;

end. Such.basmdsfare` made from sheet metal "iodrums withoutundue stress inrthe metal. l This htype 4of oven has proven"veryi"satisfa'ctory` for baking many articles, `including some bakery @which require a` large amount: of `heat during the initial part of the baking operationin `order` `endless chain run in contact with `source (as. gas burners) tosupply` the "amount" residual heat to produce the` initial `heatingcr forysupplying a largeamount; of heatgatrthe l initial part of the band or during* theinitial part products on the band will receive arnaximum` n "tion."`

p @Another `@meeris;termin/1dea band even p fthetamountwof availablellheat;v will be greatest at Thelabove and` other objects ofthe invention that bear on itsiunder side; l u Fig.2"is atop planview thereof; Y f

Figma is a-xsection takenf substan "ally "onithe Fig, 4 shows@ modified eensinlener"wherein` `the effective thickness ofi'the band increased wby a number of auiriliaryfbands running `in con "tactwithiu t l f Fig. 5vis asectiontakenonline 5-'5 oi' Fig. 4;

Fig.1 showsa further modicationwherein a number ofrelativelyheavy metal Vblocltsbr other material ot high heat capacity mounted on an the initial n part of the upper runof the band; l 7

Figr shows a still further modification wherein the intialheatwis furnished "by radiation from l blocks oi refractory" material or other` radiant heating elementsfthat are heated `to incan- `descence; L

\ ng. 9 isfa Search takenonyrhe une ssj-spr' the 'drawing we have uustated in Figs1 toil,v the charging" end of a band oven `wherein the metal'band l0 -passes arounda liliii'n` il, 4the lower` run of the laanii[being4 supported tnellenective thickness oss-thesis@ prt crine band isincreased by"alnumberof metalliclfshoe f `by rollers` l2fto prevent its sagging" tolw and l l `the Aupper'run` i 3 being adapted Ato receive the articlesto" be bakedlor other materials to be heat treated, the directionof travel of the upper run `ofi `the fband beingffrorn left vto right inFilg. 2f wA number of 'metal shoesll` are yieldingly supported` by counterweights l i5; beneath "the initial part of the" upper" run |31` and arefpressed into j contact 1with` it` by the counterweights.` l

These shoes* are "heated by gas burners, `oil burners, or other heat' supplying means not illustrated and since *theyare relatively lthicl as compared with the thickness of the" `band I0 `they will have a large amount of heatstoredinthem v which theywill give up tothe articleson the band` during the initial" part `of the bakingoperan n I1, i8 within the' band lli, the upperfxu of the band lnbe'ing in contact andparallelyto "the upper" runjiof the baking band,` 'The upper contact with the upper run ofthe band i8.` This givesathicknessof metal atthe` initial part of the upperrrurlzof the bane equal to` thetnickness of thejthree` bands.` These bands are of course heated by, gas burnerstor other suitable means.

run" or themed n "likewise is parallel to and 1n o f i the bands polished and in good heat'conducting upper run but we have found this to be desirable because this slight slippage keeps the metal of contact. .v

In Figs.l 6 and 'I we have shown a further modiflcation wherein block s 2i 'of metalorv` other ma'- terial having a'high heat capacity arevconnected to form an endless chain' passing over the drums qr sprockets 22, 22 and drivenby achain or belt 2 4ffrom the same-shaft as the drum II. The blocks 2i on their upper run pass either in con- I tact with or very close tothe upper run Ilof the band III and impart their heat to theband and the articles on it during the initial partr of .vthebaking operation. If the blocks 2i vare of metal they preferably will run in contact with r`and atthesame speed-as-the upper run Il. of

other forms within th'e combination. an endless metal the band, while if they are made of refractory naterial and are heated to incandescence they will be spaced slightly from the upper run of the band and impart' their heat `to it by direct radia- `tion rather than by conduction.v I'he blocks I3 will oi' course be heated by suitable means. A i

In Figs. 8 and 9 e have'illustrated lanother form of the invention wherein the initial part ofthe upper-run of theband l'receives additional .heat from radiant heating elements 25 Ywhich maybe blocks of refractory material that are heated by gas burners 2| or otherzsuitable means. These blocks of refractory material. are

gas burners or other Vheated to incandescence and are spaced slightly from the upper run of the band 'so that they` limparttheir hegt to it rby direct radiation.

m While we have illustrated and described several formswhich our`invention make take it is to be understood that these are but .illustrative of the invention and that it may. be embodied in many scope lof our claims. VWhatwe'claimis: l. `In an `oven ofthe endless band type, the

band having upper andlowerruns. the metal beingof insuiiicient to store sumcient heat for the initial part of the baking, the upperrun being adapted to receive articles to, bel bakedfat one end, a metallic mass having a high heat capacity near the `receiving endV oftheband, andmeans for maintaining said metallic mass in heat' conductivity with the lower side of said upper run only adjacent its receiving end.

2. In an oven' of the` endless band type, the combination of an endless metal band having uppermand lower runs, the metal being of insumcient thicknesstn store suiiicient heat for the initial part of` the baking, the upperrun being adaptedto receive articles to be baked at one end, a mass of material of high heat capacity located belowl the receiving entiv only of said upper run in heat transmitting relation thereto, whereby Athe receiving end of the band will receive a greater quantity ofheat than the remainder thereof.

3.In anloven 'of the endless band type, lthe combination of an endless metal band, a metal vbeing o! shoe of greater thickness than the band supported below the upper run thereof, and means for pressing said shoe against the under side of said upper run adjacent the receiving end thereof.

4. In an oven of the endless band type, the combination of an endless metal lband having upper and lower runs, the upper run being adapted to receive articles to be baked at one end thereof, a number of metal shoes of greater thickness than the band supported beneath said upper run, and means for yieldingly urging said shoes into contact with the under side of the band adjacent its receiving end.

5. In an oven of the endless band type, the

` combination of an endless metal band having upper and lower runs, a drum about which said band passesat one end. an auxiliary drum between the runs of said band and adjacent said firstr named drum, and a second endless band passing around said drums.within said first band, the top of the upper run of said second band being in contact with and parallel to the under side of the upper run `of said first band.

6. In anv oven of the endless band type, the combination of an endless sheet metal band having upper andlower runs, the band being of insufficient thickness to store sufficient heat for the initial part of the baking, refractory material positioned between thetwo runs of said band adjacent only to the run but spaced slightly therefrom, and means to heat said refractory material to incandescence whereby it will heat the receiving end of said band by radiation.-

VL In an oven of the endless band type, the combination of an endless metal band of uniform thickness having upper and lower runs, the upper run at 4one end` being adapted to receive articlesto be baked and deliver them at the other end, the band'being ofinsuiiicient thickness to store suiiicient. heat for the initial part of the baking, and means adjacent the receiving end only 'of the band of large. heat capacity relative to the band for receiving heat and transmitting it to the receiving end of the band thereby increasing the amount of heat available in the band during the initial part of the baking.

8. In an oven of the endless band type, the combination of an :endless metal band of uniform thickness having upper and lower runs, the upper run being adapted to receivevarticles at one end andfdischarge ,them at the other, the band insuiiicient thickness to store suiilcient heat for the`initial part oi'y the baking, and heat absorbing and storage means in heat transmitting relation to the underside of the upper run koi' the band adjacent only to its receiving endl whereby toincrease the amount of stored heat available at the receiving end of the'band equivalent to increasing the thickness of the band.

9. In an oven of the endless' band type, the

.combination of an endless metal band having upper andlower runs, the upper run being adapted to receive articles, at one end and discharge them at `4the other end,'means for driving the band, and heat absorbing and transmitting means between the two runs of the band adjacent the receiving end thereof and in' heat transmitting relation thereto, and means for'moving said heat absorbing means along with the initial part 'of the upper run oi' the band.

WILFORD JUDSON HAWKINS. FREDERICK J. BROWNELL.

receiving end oi the upper .o 

